Polyamides from heptadecane dicarboxylic acid and heterocyclic polyamine

ABSTRACT

1. A POLYAMIDE RESIN CONSISTING ESSENTIALLY OF THE POLYMERIC CONDENSATION PRODUCT OF SUBSTANTIALLY EQUIVALENT AMOUNTS OF (1) AN ALIPHATIC DICARBOXYLIC ACID COMPONENT CONSISTING ESSENTIALLY OF (A) AN ISOMERIC MIXTURE OF 1,8- AND 1,9-HEPTADECANE DICARBOXYLIC ACIDS AND (B) OIXTURES OF (A) WITTH A CODICARBOXYLIC ACID OF THE FORMULA   R1-OOC-(R&#39;&#39;)M-COO-R1   WHEREIN R&#39;&#39; IS A DIVALENT ALKIPHATIC GROUP HAVING 1 TO 12 CARBON ATOMS, R1 IS HYDROGEN OR AN ALIPHATIC HYDROCARBON GROUP HAVING UP TO 8 CARBON ATOMS, AND M IS 0 OR 1, SAID CODICARBOXYLIC ACID BEING PRESENT IN SAID MIXTURES IN AN AMOUNT UP TO 9 EQUIVALENT PARTS PER EQUIVALENT PART OF HEPTADECANE DICARBOXYLIC ACID, AND (2) A DIAMINE OR POLYAMINE COMPONENT CONSISTING ESSENTIALLY OF (A) AT LEAST ONE HETEROCYCLIC DIAMINE OR POLYAMINE SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF (I) AMINES OF THE FORMULA X-N=A=NH AND (II) AMINES OF THE FORMULA   2-R5,3-R4,3-(H2N-(CH2)N-)-PIPERIDINE   WHEREIN A IS   -(CH(-R)-CH(-R))-   -(CH(-R)-CH(-R)-CH(-CH(-R)-CH(-R))2-R2   -(CH(-R)-CH(-R)-CH(-CH(-R)-CH(-R))2-R3   X IS HYDROGEN OR-R&#34;NH2 AND R&#34; IS ALKYLENE HAVING 1 TO 6 CARBON ATOMS; R2 IS ALKYLENE HAVING 1 TO 8 CARBON ATOMS; R3 IS ALKYLENE HAVING 2 TO 12 CARBON ATOMS; R IS HYDROGEN OR ALKYL HAVING 1 TO 4 CARBON ATOMS; R4 IS HYDROGEN OR ALKYL HAVING 1 TO 4 CARBON ATOMS; R5 IS HYDROGEN OR METHYL; AND N IS 1 OR 3; AND (B) MIXTURES OF (A) WITH AN ALIPHATIC CONDIAMINE OF THE FORMULA H2-N-R6-NH2, WHEREIN R6 IS AN ALIPHATIC HYDROCARBON GROUP HAVING 2 TO 20 CARBON ATOMS, SAID CONDIAMINE BEING PRESENT IN AN AMOUNT UP TO 9 EQUIVALENT PARTS PER EQUIVALENT APART OF HETEROCYCLIC DIAMINE OR POLYAMINE.

United States Patent O 3,847,875 POLYAMIDES FROM HEPTADECANE DICARBOX- YLIC ACID AND HETEROCYCLI'C POLYAMINE Manfred Drawert, Werne, and Eugen Griebsch, Unna,

Germany, assignors to Schering AG, Berlin and Burgkamen, Germany No Drawing. Filed Sept. 20, 1972, Ser. No. 290,438 Claims priority, application Germany, Sept. 28, 1971, P 21 48 264.4 Int. Cl. C08g 20/20 US. Cl. 26078 R 3 Claims ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE POLYAMIDES COMPRISING HEPTADECANE DICARBOXYLIC ACID The present invention relates to polyamides comprising heptadecane dicarboxylic acid, and to their preparation.

Hot melt adhesives for the adhesion of vinyl polymers are already known in the art from US. Pats. 3,377,303 and 3,565,837. The polyamides disclosed in these patents comprise polymeric acids, codicarboxylic acids, and dipiperidyl alkanes or dipiperazyl alkanes and piperazine in combination with other diamines.

These polyamides are particularly suitable for the adhesion of polyvinyl chloride containing plasticizers. However, good adhesion values can only be achieved with polyamide resins of high viscosity. Working with these resins is difiicult because of their high viscosities.

On the other hand, if the melt viscosities of the polyamides disclosed in the above-identified patents are decreased, then a decrease in the adhesion values is observed depending on content of plasticizer in the polyvinyl chloride.

The adhesive property of the aforementioned polyamides depends not only on the melt viscosity of the adhesive to be employed for adhesion and on the plasticizer content of the polyvinyl chloride to be adhered, but also on the kind of of polyamines present in the adhesive. The best results are obtained with dipiperidyl alkanes or dipiperazyl alkanes. In contrast, if mononuclear disecondary diamines such as piperazine or alkyl substituted piperazines are employed, the adhesive property decreases in comparison with that of polyamides comprising binuclear disecondary diamines.

Polyamides comprising heptadecane dicarboxylic acid are also known in the art. German patent publications 1,050,053 and 1,144,919, for example, disclose the preparation of transparent polyamides which form stable solutions in organic solvents. Although the polyamides described in the first-mentioned patent are inter alia also recommended as adhesives, none of the polycondensates disclosed therein adhere plasticized polyvinyl chloride.

The polyamides of the present invention are condensation products of 1,8- or 1,9-heptadecane dicarboxylic acid with one or more heterocylclic diamines or polyamines of the formula (1) 3,847,875 Patented Nov. 12, 1974 where X is hydrogen or H NR" and R" is a divalent alkylene radical having 16 carbon atoms, R is a divalent alkylene radical having 1-8 carbon atoms, R is a divalent alkylene radical having 2-12 carbon atoms, and R is hydrogen or an alkyl radical having 1-4 carbon atoms, or of the formula (2) (CH -NHz wherein R =hydrogen or an alkyl radical having 1-4 carbon atoms, R =hydrogen or CH n=1 or 3.

The polyamides may optionally comprise a codicarboxylic acid of the formula 0 0 R 0 ll-(Rf) Ill 1,

wherein m is 0 or 1, R is a divalent aliphatic radical having 1-12 carbon atoms, or a cycloaliphatic, aromatic, or araliphatic radical having up to 8 carbon atoms, these radicals preferably being unsubstituted, and wherein R is hydrogen or an aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon radical having up to 8 carbon atoms. The amine component, also, may comprise an optional codiamine of the formula H NR NH wherein R is an aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, aromatic, or araliphatic hydrocarbon radical hav ing 22() carbon atoms, particularly 2-12 carbon atoms.

The polyamides are prepared by reacting substantially equivalent amounts of the acid and amine components (the acids may be reacted per se or in the form of their esters) at temperatures between C. and 280 C. with cleavage of water or alcohols.

In a preferred embodiment, the heptadecane dicarboxylic acid is condensed with the heterocyclic diamine component in a first step and the pre-condensate is then further reacted with the optional comonomers, i,e. the codicarboxylic acids and/or the codiamines.

The polyamides so produced are useful ashot melt adhesives for the adhesion of plastics and other materials, particularly plasticized polyvinyl chloride.

The 1,8- or 1,9-heptadecane dicarboxylic acids can be prepared according to known methods by the carboxylation of oleic acid (cf. German patent publication 1,006,- 849), whereby as a rule a mixture of the isomers in a 50:50 ratio is formed. Either isomer or mixtures of the the present invention having a melt viscosity of 30 poises at 200 C. and which comprises heptadecane dicarboxylic acid, azelaic acid, ethylene diamine, and piperazine, shows an adhesion value of 2 kilograms of force/centimeter (kgf./cm.) on a polyvinyl chloride film. An analogous isomers in any proportion can be used in the present inproduct comprising heptadecane dicarboxylic acid in vention. which the piperazine is replaced by 4,4'-dipiperidyl pro- As examples of heterocyclic amines of the formula (1) ane-1,3 gives similarly good adhesion values at a comto be condensed with such acids, the following dipiperidyl parable viscosity. compounds, inter alia, can be mentioned as exemplary: 19 A better understanding of the present invention and 1,3-di-(4-piperidyl)-propane; 1,2-di-(4-piperidyl)-ethane; of its many advantages will be had by referring to the and 1,4-di-(4-piperidyl)-butane. Exemplary N,N-dipifollowing specific examples given by way of illustration. perazyl compounds include: N,N-dipiperazyl ethane;

N,N-dipiperazyl propane; N,N'-dipiperazyl hexane; and EXAMPLE 1 "f dodfacane" In q filperazmc and 500 g. of heptadecane dicarboxylic acid (0.6 equivalent N'ammoethyl'plp can be melinone. part) were mixed in a three-necked flask equipped with a AS examples of smtable hetermyfhc ammes of i stirrer, thermometer, and condenser, with 194.5 g. of mu.la 23:d1methyl 3 (3'ammopmpyl)'plpendme azelaic acid (0.4 equivalent part), 120 g. of piperazine whlch 1S obtalPed by the bls'cyaipethylanon of .methyl (0.5 equivalent part), and 1.25 g. of triphenylphosphite ethyl.ketone Wlth. P t qychgmg hyfimgenamn or as an amidation catalyst (0.25 percent, by weight of the s'aplmomethyl plpendme i p 1S .obtamfid y heptadecane dicarboxylic acid). The mixture was heated action of methylene glutaronitrile with ammonia with a Over a Period of two hours to a temperature of 2 00 subsequeqt cychzuig t i i gamed under an atmosphere of nitrogen. The temperature of As cod1Farb?Xyhc aclds azelalc acid Sebaclc acld and 260 C. was maintained for six hours. After four hours, terephthah? aqld are Preferred: 25 a vacuum of 20 mm. Hg was applied.

A co'dlammes ethylene. dlqmme 1s pieferred' oiher The precondensate so obtained was warmed, after prior ammcs are hexameihylene dlamme; 1 M11190 3 cooling, to 60 C., combined with 77.1 g. of ethylene i f 1: i i fi f g (lsophomne d1- diamine (0.5 equivalent part), and again heated to 260 amme) an diammodlp T' met C. over a period of two hours and maintained for a fur- The polyamlfjes according to .nventlon from thcr six hours at this temperature. Again, a vacuum of 20 hot melt adhesives comprising dimeric fatty acids in that mm Hg was applied during the last two hours the fprmer gwe Outstanding adheslon values on s.tr0ng1y The polyamide resin so obtained has the following propplasticized polyvinyl chloride even at low melt viscosity erties, which consequently imparts easier workability. A further advantage of the polyamides according to the invention 3 Ring and ball softening point=132 C. is that the use of more readily obtainable mononuclcar Anpne numbef=2-3 disecondary amines such as piperazine in the polyamides Afild iumber=6.l leads to outstandingly good adhesion values. Vlscoslty at 0:110 P ratlo of Fqulvalems P dlcarbmfyhc Strips of plasticized polyvinyl chloride three centimeters acld f F eqwvalents 0f optlonally P YF Codlcar' 40 wide having a plasticizer content of 25 percent or 40 perboxyhc and can reach the Value and 15 generally cent were adhered with the aforementioned polyamide between 0-9:0'1 to mm) between 07:03 f resin and their adhesion values were determined. In both 0.6:04 1S preferred. The ratio of mols of heterocyclic cases, f il of the material was observed am ne employed to the mols of optionally-employe Codl Examples 25 were carried out in an analogous fashion amlne can also reach and 15 generally betwefin and the results are reported in following Tables I and II. 09:01 and 01:09. A ratio between 0.5 z0.5 and 0.6:04 Examples in the Tables relate to comparative 15 Preferred- BY use of codlcflfixyhc aclds or codl ples prepared by admixing the raw materials, with the exg the Proper Such as fleiilblhtyi harmless, soften ception of the ethylene diamine, to a temperature of mg P 3 the hke can be idlusted to fleslred values' 50 C., at which point the amounts of ethylene diamine shown f 15 $urP1'1$l I1g f the e p p fl 0f h P Y' in Table I were combined. The reaction mixture was amldes of the lnventlOQ comprlslng isf P aclfis heated to 230 C. over a period of 2 hours with stirring doflot depend P h kind of hetefocycllc f g E and under nitrogen and maintained at this temperature as 15 111 P 10f aft polyamides p g dlmer for six hours. After four hours, a vacuum of 20 mm. Hg fatty acids. Thus, for example, a polyamide according to was applied TABLE I Heptadecanedicarboxylic acid Codicarboxylie acid Diamine (ethgi e ii d i zii n ine) Grams Eq. parts Grams Eqparts Gram Eq. parts Grams Eq. part 200 0.4 Azelaic 0.6 1,000 0.65 do 314 0. 35 221% 8:? 142. 114 0.5 do 68.4 0.5 l,3-di-(4-piperidyl) 77.2 5 2 and 6 g. stearic) pro aria. (andltli-zi stearglsi Sebacie 73.0 0.5 1,2-di-(4-p1perazyl)-ethane. 81.7 0.5 21.7 0.5

Dimeric fatty acid Comparative example:

6... 300 0.67 ...do 52.4 0.33 1,3-di-(4-piperldyD- 88.0 0.5 24.6 0.5

7 281 P pane.

( d 19 f 1 do 0 0-5 24.6 0.5

fatty acid) 8 200 0.8 Adipic 12.8 0.2 Piperazine 18.9 0.5 13.2 0.5

TABLE II Adhesion on polyvinyl chloride containing- Softening Viscosity, point (Ring 25% Amine Acid 200 C. and Ball) plastieizer plastlcizer number number (poises) C.) (kgL/cm.) (kgfJem) Example:

2 2.0 8 3 109 152 M M 2.4 7.5 31 117 4 2.2 1.1 4. 4 168 146 5.3 5 1.0 4 1 166 135 3.5 Comparative example:

1 No adhesion. M=material failure.

What is clalmed 1st or 1. A polyamide resin consisting essentially of the polying essentially of meric condensation product of substantially equivalent amounts of (1) an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid component consist- (a) an isomeric mixture of 1,8- and 1,9-heptadecane dicarboxylic acids and (b) mixtures of (a) with a codicarboxylic acid of the formula 0 0 moiinsriiom,

wherein R is a divalent aliphatic group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, R is hydrogen or an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having up to 8 carbon atoms, and m is 0 or 1, said codicar- 'boxylic acid being present in said mixtures in an amount up to 9 equivalent parts per equivalent part of heptadecane dicarboxylic acid, and

(2) a diamine or polyamine component consisting essentially of (a) at least one heterocyclic diamine or polyamine selected from the group consisting of (i) amines of the formula XN=A=NH and (ii) amines of the formula Rs N H wherein A is (b) mixtures of (a) with an aliphatic codiamine of the formula H NR -NH wherein R is an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, said codiamine being present in an amount up to 9 equivalent parts per equivalent part of heterocyclic diamine or polyamine.

2. The polyamide as in claim 1 wherein the ratio of equivalents of heptadecane dicarboxylic acid to equivalents of codicarboxylic acid in said acid component is between 0.9:0.1 and 0.1 :0.9.

3. The polyamide as in claim 1 wherein the ratio of equivalents of heterocyclic diamine or polyamine to equivalents of codiamine is between 0.9:0.l and 0.1:0.9.

References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 9/1960 Schott et al 260-78 R 8/1964 Wittbecker 26078 R 8/1969 Veda et a1. 26078 R 2/1971 Drawert et al 26078 R FOREIGN PATENTS 2/ 1959 Germany. 3/ 1963 Germany.

HAROLD D. ANDERSON, Primary Examiner U.S. Cl. X.R. 

1. A POLYAMIDE RESIN CONSISTING ESSENTIALLY OF THE POLYMERIC CONDENSATION PRODUCT OF SUBSTANTIALLY EQUIVALENT AMOUNTS OF (1) AN ALIPHATIC DICARBOXYLIC ACID COMPONENT CONSISTING ESSENTIALLY OF (A) AN ISOMERIC MIXTURE OF 1,8- AND 1,9-HEPTADECANE DICARBOXYLIC ACIDS AND (B) OIXTURES OF (A) WITTH A CODICARBOXYLIC ACID OF THE FORMULA 